Learn to do First Aid with Electrical Burns
Sat Jan 14, 2012 6:23:14 am

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It is a common misconception that an electric shock and an electrical burn is the same thing but they most certainly are not! When an individual sustains an electric shock, the electricity does not typically cause external or internal injury, despite the fact that it flows through the body. On the other hand, electrical burns are quite severe and can result in a number of underlying injuries.

Understanding Electrical Burns

These types of injuries are classified as low-voltage, high-voltage and lightening. Injuries from electricity result for one of two reasons:

1. Holes in cell membranes are created from the intense heat.
2. Abnormal electric rhythms in both the brain and heart occur due to the depolarization of muscles and nerves.

Complications from Electrical Burns

Complications from electrical burns are numerous and can vary greatly from one individual to another.

1. Cardiovascular – Uncoordinated contractions of the lower ventricles result in an abnormal heart rhythm which can ultimately cause heart arrest and death. This is a common occurrence with lightening or low-voltage currents. Blood clot formation in the peripheral or coronary arteries may also occur.

2. Neurological – Depending on the voltage of the current or if the burns were a result of lightening, neurological effects can include loss of consciousness, cataracts, retinal detachment, ear drum puncture, inner ear dysfunction and balance impairment.

3. Burns – Entrance and exit wounds can be incredibly severe. There are also flash, arc and thermal burns, internal injuries and involuntary muscle contractions due to severed nerves.

First Aid for Electrical Burns

It is important to note that electrical burns and shocks are experienced most commonly after a storm when there are fallen power lines. If you are helping someone who is suffering from electrical shock, never attempt to move them, cut leads or pull away power lines to get them to safety. The power must always be turned off first. Putting yourself in immediate danger is of no help to them.

1. The first thing that you need to do is locate the power source and turn it off when possible.

2. Call a paramedic or ambulance immediately by dial 000 in Australia or 911 in the USA.

3. If the individual's heart stops or if they stop breathing, provide resuscitation according to your first aid training.

4. If oxygen is available, offer this to the individual. However, if there are any uncontrolled electrical sources providing sparks, oxygen must not be used!

5. Monitor and record the individual's vital signs and provide this information to the paramedics immediately upon arrival.

Electrical burns can happen anywhere. Many people think they are not at risk because they work in an office all day, away from the outdoors or dangerous environments but it has been proven time and time again that mishaps have no prejudice as to wear they happen. Always keep your first aid training up to date and fresh in your mind so you are prepared when an unfortunate incident takes place.